The most common cause of multinodular goitres is iodine deficiency. However, it may still develop in some individuals who have enough iodine. In these people, the cause is not well understood.
The exact cause of thyroid nodules is not known, but the following factors may be involved:
If you have a lump in the middle of your neck (below your Adam’s apple) or just off the centre, which moves with swallowing, it is probably a thyroid nodule. Your doctor will be able to confirm this finding. The lump you feel may be either a solitary nodule or a dominant nodule in a background of multiple nodules, or even a diffusely enlarged thyroid gland.
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